白鹿原

最近，知名作家余华亲自“打假”，再度澄清一桩历时9年的错误署名风波。         Photo: Courtesy of Lvxing Disaster Simulation Training CenterWhat would you do if you were trapped in an underground parking garage that is being flooded?
As heavy rain associated with Typhoon Dolphin continued to affect large parts of China, an increasing number of people were turning to immersive disaster simulations to experience extreme weather scenarios in a controlled environment at the Lvxing Disaster Simulation Training Center in Hangzhou, East China's Zhejiang Province. 
At the country's first natural disaster simulation venue, adult participants pay 899 yuan ($133) per person to virtually confront situations such as typhoons, urban flooding and sudden flash floods, to gain a sense of what such emergencies might feel like.
Wang Kuanghan, operator of the training center, told the Global Times that the center is designed to allow people to experience the dangers of natural disasters in a safe and controlled environment, while raising awareness of the need to respect nature and avoid potential risks.
"We hope to pass on the experience we gained from encountering natural disasters during our years of traveling around the world," Wang said. "Beyond teaching people how to respond when natural disasters strike, what is more important is cultivating an awareness of how to avoid risks." 
As of July, the center had received more than 70,000 visits this year for hands-on experiences, including tourists as well as companies and professional rescue teams that come for training. The number is higher than the same period in 2025, he noted. 
Fu Minya, a Hangzhou-based office worker, told the Global Times that she has heard of the center and would like to give it a try. 
"The frequent news reports of natural disasters in recent weeks have reminded people of how small and vulnerable we are in the face of nature's forces," she said. 
After Typhoon Dolphin made landfall in China in early August, its remnant impact brought downpours to several provinces. Chinese authorities previously earmarked 80 million yuan to support flood and geological disaster relief efforts in the Central China's Henan and Hubei provinces and East China's Anhui Province, the Xinhua News Agency reported. 
The flash flood simulation is one of the most intense experiences the center offers. Participants stand in a simulated river channel as an instructor presses a button, releasing around 500 tons of water from above. Within just three seconds, many participants are knocked off their feet, left tumbling in the rushing water and being swept toward the protective wall at the end of the channel.
"Real flash floods move even faster," said Wang. "When the water rises above knee level, it is almost impossible for an adult to remain standing. Many people instinctively think they should swim to escape, but that can be fatal."
Flash floods carry mud, branches and rocks that can quickly entangle your arms and legs. The right thing to do is to watch for warning signs of an impending flash flood, move away from the riverbank before the flash flood occurs, and quickly evacuate to higher ground on either side, he said. 
In another exercise, several participants slog ahead holding each other's arms as the facility simulates winds reaching speeds of up to 165 kilometers per hour, as well as torrential rain.
However, there are concerns that simulated disasters could trivialize the suffering of disaster victims and turn the trauma of real-life disasters into entertainment.
This is a promising new niche in urban cultural tourism, Yu Jinlong, a Beijing-based cultural scholar, told the Global Times on Wednesday. 
By striking the right balance between entertainment and public education while strictly adhering to safety protocols, such facilities can become more than just viral check-in destinations; they can serve as a replicable platform for public emergency education, Yu noted. 
In the past, disaster-prevention education largely relied on display boards and lectures, which often made it difficult for people to develop an intuitive understanding of the dangers involved, Yu said. 
Real-life simulations, by contrast, allow participants to experience firsthand the destructive force of typhoons and flash floods, turning abstract knowledge into tangible memories. This is where such facilities can offer unique social value, making them particularly suitable for educational programs for young people and emergency-response training for businesses and institutions, he said. 
The experience can be impactful, but it should not be reduced to a sensationalist spectacle. Only by combining immersive experiences with practical self-rescue training and maintaining strict safety standards can this emerging model continue to serve as a meaningful platform for public disaster-prevention education, Yu noted. 
Statistics show that 95 percent of people rescued from natural disasters survive through self-rescue, Wang said. "If you are swept away by water or hit by strong winds here, you will develop a much deeper understanding of how to respond to hazards and protect yourself."
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B | 散文《家徽》本是湖北作家胡成中的作品，在网上却长期被说成是余华写的。不只余华，莫言也专门写过文章辟谣，鲁迅、张爱玲、杨绛等已故文学大家就更别提了，网络上充斥着冠了他们名字的伪语录，相信大家都见过鲁迅先生“这不是我说的”表情包。假署名、伪语录之所以层出不穷，背后是低风险、高收益的算计。一些自媒体为博取关注，有的移花接木，直接篡改作品署名，把无名作者置换成知名作家；有的凭空虚构，拼凑、改写甚至编造所谓的“名人金句”。

C | 这类操作几乎零成本，只要贴上名人标签，就能更容易收割流量、获得可观的点击与转发，从中牟取商业利益，而受害者取证、辟谣、维权却要耗费大量时间与精力。

D | 北京鲁迅博物馆就专门上线检索系统，用来甄别网上五花八门的“鲁迅名言”，但仍然追不上虚假内容的流转速度。这些内容一经生成，便能通过一键转发、算法助推产生裂变式传播，传播链条长、覆盖面广，旧的不实链接刚被处理，新的虚假版本又快速生成。当前的AI工具在抓取信息时无法区分真假，部分假内容被大模型抓取、纳入数据训练，经过二次生成后进一步固化，形成“越传越错”的恶性循环。

E | 类似“假鲁迅”“假余华”的内容泛滥，伤害的不只是创作者，更波及广大受众与整个网络文化生态。

F | 原作者劳动成果被随意挪用，署名权遭到侵害；被冒名者的思想观点、公众形象遭到曲解，无端承受误读与争议；受众难辨真伪，把拼凑杜撰的文字当作名家名句；部分伪作甚至流入出版物、教辅资料和考试试卷，对青少年形成误导。凡此种种，不仅对网络文化生态造成侵蚀与破坏，也消解了全社会尊重原创成果、保护知识产权的共识。对此，平台和AI内容服务商责无旁贷，应严格规范作品作者信息标注，建立作品权属核验机制，对涉及知名作家的内容加强筛查审核，防范AI幻觉生成伪名人内容，从源头遏制冒名侵权。打假不应是创作者一个人的事，每多一层审核、多一次核实，虚假信息就少一分流传的空间。让被假冒的风险、打假的成本从创作者身上卸下来，这才是对原创最大的尊重。

G | 来源：人民日报客户端，作者：郑娜，策划：岳小乔、雒健晴，海报：陈泉伊本期编辑：胡洪江、阮可欣